The recent developments in the Kurdish movement in the Middle East, especially the historic dissolution of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) on May 12, 2025, are considered one of the geopolitical turning points in the region. Founded in 1978 with the aim of establishing an independent Kurdish state, the group finally fundamentally changed its strategy after four decades of armed struggle (1984-2025) and tens of thousands of deaths, under the influence of a combination of military pressures, ideological developments, and regional transformations. The crux of this transformation is the shift from a violence-based paradigm to political action, a shift that has its roots in the intellectual transformation of the imprisoned PKK leader (Abdullah Öcalan) since the 1990s, where the theory of democratic confederalism replaced the ideal of separatism with the struggle for decentralized self-government within the framework of existing states. The main question is how the evolution of Kurdish collective identity in interaction with regional political discourses enabled the PKK's transition from armed struggle to political action. The hypothesis being put forward is that the redefinition of Kurdish identity from a separatist revolutionary nation to a democratic intra-sovereign society influenced by Öcalan’s discourse around “democratic confederalism” changed the structure of PKK interests and rationalized the transition from violence to political action. This research is qualitative with a descriptive-analytical approach. Research findings based on constructivist theory show that the reinterpretation of Kurdish identity as a beneficiary of Turkish democracy rather than a separatist enemy, by creating common norms and redefining Turkey's national interests, paved the way for dissolution, but the heterogeneous regional consequences in the region stem from the conflict between national identities and this new identity.