One of the security concerns of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the past years has been the security challenges of the activities of terrorist groups, especially the activities of Pejak in the west of the country. In fact, the expansion of Pejak's terrorist activities affected by various internal and regional factors during the past several decades has challenged national security in various dimensions. It seems that in addition to geography and environmental conditions, other factors such as economic, cultural-social and political factors have played a role in this process, i.e. the expansion and dispersion of Pejak activities. The expansion of Pejak activities in the west of the country can be examined from two dimensions. In the first dimension, it is possible to examine different factors including economic, cultural-social and political factors in the growth of Pejak activities in the west of the country. In the second dimension, the impact of Pajak's actions and expansion of activities in the west of the country on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran is also of fundamental importance. In this regard, considering the importance of the topic of this research, it seeks to answer this central question, what are the factors influencing the expansion and dispersion of the Pajak terrorist group in the geography around Iran in the west of the country, and what effect does it have on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? The research method in this research is descriptive and the data collection method is library sources and the use of interview tools. The findings of the research show that in the economic field of unemployment and economic problems of families with an average of 4.24, compared to other components, the highest impact; In the cultural and social field, wide advertisements of satellite and internet networks with an average of 4.34 have the greatest effect; And in the political field, Pejak's psychological operations on Kurdish youth with an average of 4.49 have had the greatest impact on the expansion and dispersion of Pejak's terrorist activities in the west of the country.